1-5. NURSING CARE OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

a. Many diagnostic procedures require minimal nursing intervention. Often, all that is required is that the nursing staff deliver the right patient to the appropriate clinic at the designated time. Nursing personnel should explain the procedure to the patient, reassure him, and, if possible, show him the equipment. When the patient is returned to the ward, his status upon completion of the procedure should be documented by nursing personnel. Some procedures, however, may require a specific patient "prep" beforehand while others may require specific follow-up observations. Nursing personnel should be familiar with the various diagnostic procedures or refer to local departmental standing operating procedures when unsure about preps and follow-up procedures.

b. Invasive procedures, such as the myelogram, arthrocentesis, and arthroscopy, require the application of sterile dressings over the puncture sites. The puncture sites must be observed for signs and symptoms of infection and the dressings changed in accordance with the physician's orders or local Department of Nursing standing operating procedures. Additionally, the patient may be required to remain on bed rest for a period of time after the procedure.

c. Basic nursing considerations in the care of patients undergoing diagnostic examinations include the following:

 

(1) Ensure that any pre-procedural patient prep has been completed.

 

(2) Have the right patient in the right place at the right time.

 

(3) Bring previous X-rays, the patient's chart, or any other materials required by the department performing the procedure.

 

(4) Have an attendant available to remain with the patient, if required by local policy or circumstances.

 

(5) Comply with post-procedural physician's orders.

 

(6) Observe the patient for pain and/or other side effects or reactions associated with the procedure.

 

(7) Enter appropriate documentation of all that has been done in the patient's chart.