Section II. ASSESSMENT

1-3. PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT

Management of orthopedic patients begins with an accurate assessment of the patient's specific problems. Important information can be obtained from the patient's history and the physical assessment. An orthopedic nursing assessment should include the following examinations and observations:

a. Observe the patient's posture and gait.

b. Palpate the skin for indication of tenderness, swelling, or increased temperature.

c. Observe for discoloration.

d. Examine the joints, observing for size, shape, alignment, and range of motion.

e. Examine the muscles for strength, movement, and indications of atrophy or contracture.

f. Assess vascular function by "blanching" fingers and toes. Check pulses.

g. Assess neurological function by checking reflexes, sensation, and motor ability.